Ethics of Online Interaction in Islam: Rethinking Neighbourliness in Digital Era

Abstract

Aim: This paper examines the ethics of online interaction in Islam, with particular attention to the concept of neighborliness and its relevance to virtual communities in the digital age. It seeks to demonstrate how Islamic principles of good conduct, respect, mutual responsibility, and moral communication can guide contemporary online relationships and interactions. Methodology: The study adopts a qualitative research design using descriptive and analytical approaches. Data were derived from primary Islamic sources, particularly the Qur’an and Hadith, and complemented by secondary sources, including books, journal articles, and scholarly literature on Islam, ethics, social media, and digital communication. Results: The findings reveal that social media has become an important space for virtual neighborliness, community engagement, solidarity, knowledge sharing, and social support among Muslims. However, these platforms can also facilitate unethical practices, including backbiting, mockery, harassment, suspicion, misinformation, abusive language, and inappropriate gender interaction, which contradict Islamic ethical principles. The study further finds that Islamic teachings on respectful speech, modesty, accountability, mutual responsibility, and protection of human dignity provide a relevant moral framework for regulating online conduct and promoting healthy digital communities. Conclusion/Novelty: The study concludes that the Islamic concept of neighborliness extends beyond physical proximity to encompass virtual spaces and online relationships. Its novelty lies in applying the ethical principles underlying Islamic neighborliness to contemporary digital interaction, thereby demonstrating how classical Islamic moral teachings can provide a practical framework for responsible, respectful, and socially cohesive online communities.